Reference
Guide For Pharmacy licensing Exam-Questions and Answers (NAPLEX)
ANSWERS |
1.(e)
The active ingredient of Fibercon is Calcium polycarbophil. It is
indicated for constipation as well as diarrhea. Its water absorbing
properties make it useful in treatment of diarrhea. It should be taken
with plenty of water.
It
forms chelation when given with tetracycline antibiotic.
Polycarbophil’s water and bile salt binding capacity may result in
bulkier solid stool. Polycarbophil is available as a chewable tablet
that absorbs up to 60 times its weight of water. Prescription for a
Polycarbophil can be filled by Fibercon, Equalactin or by Mitrolan.
2.
(e)
3.
(e) Duragesic (Fentanyl) transdermal system is available in 25
mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg and 100 mcg/hr strength.
Because
serious or life-threatening hypoventilation could occur, Duragesic
cannot be used for treatment of mild to intermittent pain or in dose
exceeding 25 mcg/hr at the initiation of therapy. It is a schedule II
control drugs. Duragesic may be worn continuously for 72 hours. If
analgesia for more than 72 hours is required, a new system should be
applied.
4.
(c) Bactroban (Mupirocin 2%) ointment is indicated for treatment of
impetigo caused by staphylococcus aureus, B hemolytic streptococcus, and
streptococcus pyrogen.
5.
(e) The active ingredient of Enulose, Constulose and Duphalac is
Lactulose. It is useful in treatment of hyperammonia.
Lactulose
is generally degraded in colon by colonic bacteria in low molecular weight
organic acid. Acidification of colonic content by this organic acid result
in trapping of ammonia as ammonium ion in colon. The osmotic laxative
action of Lactulose helps in the excretion of ammonium ion from the colon
in feces.
6.
(c) Tinactin (Tolnafate) and Desenex extrastrength (Tolnafate) are
antifungal agents useful in treatment of athlete’s foot infection.
Alphagan is an opthalamic drop indicated for ocular hypertension.
7.
(c) Propranolol is a non-selective Beta-1 and Beta-2 blocker. When
it is used for treatment of arrhythmia, embolism generally occurs upon
restoration of normal rhythm. It masks the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
8.
(c) Blood serum concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine is
generally found to be elevated in patients with pheochromocytoma.
Pheochromocytoma is generally defined as an adrenal medulla cancer in
which a large amount of noradrenaline and adrenaline secrete from the
adrenal medulla.
9.
(c) Beta blocker and diuretic are first line agents for treatment
of hypertension. Ca-channel blocker and Ace inhibitor are indicated when b
blocker and diuretic therapy don’t produce any satisfactory results.
10.
(e) The elevation of blood pressure may be due to any of the
following reason. Patients was not taking Inderal for last couple of
days, which contributed to an elevation of his blood pressure due to
withdrawal symptoms of drug.
Patients
was taking Sudafed (Pseudoephedrine) for treatment of his cold. Sudafed
has a Alpha-1 stimulating properties that might contribute to an
elevation of patients’s blood pressure.
11.
(b) Catapres (Clonidine) has a high tendency to extravagate the
depression. Patients has past history of depression, therefore he needs
to avoid Clonidine as a antihypertensive agent. Aldomet (Methyldopa) and
Reserpine may also contribute in worsening the depression. The use of
these agents in patients with past or current history of depression may
require careful monitoring in the patients.
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